Layers of the earth interior
In this article, we will discuss the earth’s interior and the internal layers of the earth.
Thank you for reading this post, don't forget to subscribe!The surface of the earth is an outcome of the processes operating in the interior of the earth. Both exogenic and endogenic forces are constantly shaping the landscape of Earth. It is fascinating to know how scientists have gathered information about the different layers of the Earth.
The radius of the earth is about 6370km. Till now, no one can reach the centre of the earth. Most of our knowledge about the earth’s interior is based on the estimates and inferences. However, the study of seismic waves has contributed immensely to our understanding of the different layers of the earth. For instance, the velocity and the path travelled by the waves provide the authenticity of the physical conditions prevailing inside the earth.
Based on the physical conditions, the earth can be divided into three layers. That are crust, mantle and core. These layers are further subdivided based on their properties.
The moho discontinuity separates the crust and mantle.
The asthenosphere is that part of the layer of earth which is below the Lithosphere. It extends at a depth of 100 km to 400 km from the lithosphere. Due to the high temperature, this region is partially molten. Here the velocity of seismic wave slowdowns abruptly. This region is called Low-velocity region. Also, it is rich in Peridotite. Moreover, this region is popularly known as the Magma Chamber.
At the depth of 2900 km to 6371 km, lies the core of the earth. Because of metallic composition, its density is nearly twice as the mantle. It comprises of 15% to 16% of the total volume of the earth. The core is divided into two regions called the outer core and the inner core.
The asthenosphere is the part of Upper mantle layer of the earth.
The crust and the inner core.
The location of Conrad discontinuity is between the oceanic crust and the continental crust.
The location of Moho discontinuity is between the crust and the mantle layer of the earth.
The Repettis discontinuity is located between the upper and the lower mantle. The sharp increase in the velocity of the seismic wave is indicative of the existence of this discontinuity.
Between the lower mantle and outer core of the earth. Here, the velocity of P( primary) waves decreases abruptly. On the other hand, the S (Secondary) waves disappear beyond this discontinuity.
It is located between the outer and the inner core of the earth. The increase in the velocity of P waves shows the existence of this discontinuity.
The thermal convectional currents are common in the Mantle layer of the earth.
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